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Hanriot HD.1
role : fighter
first flight : operational : August 1917
country : France
design : Pierre Dupont
production : 831 aircraft (license built by Macchi in Italy)
general information :
Excellent fighter plane. The French armee de l’air already had the famous Nieuport and SPAD fighters in its inventory and did not choose for this fine fighter plane. It was adopted by the Belgian and Italian air force who used the plane with great success. It was very agile in combat, strong and fast. In Italy it had to fight the Brandenburg D.1 fighter as well as Albatros fighters. Famous aces flew the HD.1 like Scaroni (26 victories) and Baracchini (21 victories) for Italy and Willy Coppens de Houthulst (37 victories) for Belgium.
users : Belgium, Italy
crew : 1
armament : 1 synchronized 7.70 [mm] (0.303 in) Vickers machine-gun
engine : 1 Le Rhone 9j air-cooled 9 -cylinder two-valve rotary engine 110 [hp](80.9 KW)
dimensions :
wingspan : 8.68 [m], length : 5.85 [m], height : 2.94[m]
wing area : 18.2 [m^2]
weights :
max.take-off weight : 652 [kg]
empty weight operational : 407 [kg] bombload : 0 [kg]
performance :
maximum speed : 184 [km/hr] at sea-level
climbing speed : 392 [m/min]
service ceiling : 6400 [m]
endurance : 2.5 [hours]
estimated action radius : 207 [km]
description :
1-bay biplane with fixed landing gear and tail strut
two spar upper and lower wing
engines, landing gear, fuel and bombs in or attached to the fuselage
airscrew :
fixed pitch 2 -bladed tractor airscrew with max. efficiency :0.64 [ ]
estimated diameter airscrew 2.36 [m]
angle of attack prop : 26.63 [ ]
coarse pitch
reduction : 1.00 [ ]
airscrew revs : 1100 [r.p.m.]
pitch at Max speed 2.79 [m]
blade-tip speed at Vmax and max revs. : 145 [m/s]
calculation : *1* (dimensions)
mean wing chord : 1.05 [m]
calculated wing chord (rounded tips): 1.17 [m]
wing aspect ratio : 8.28 []
gap : 1.21 [m]
gap/chord : 1.15 [ ]
seize (span*length*height) : 149 [m^3]
calculation : *2* (fuel consumption)
oil consumption : 4.9 [kg/hr]
fuel consumption(cruise speed) : 21.6 [kg/hr] (29.5 [litre/hr]) at 56 [%] power
distance flown for 1 kg fuel : 7.66 [km/kg]
estimated total fuel capacity : 84 [litre] (61 [kg])
calculation : *3* (weight)
weight engine(s) dry : 147.0 [kg] = 1.82 [kg/KW]
weight 18 litre oil tank : 1.6 [kg]
oil tank filled with 0.6 litre oil : 0.5 [kg]
oil in engine 0 litre oil : 0.4 [kg]
fuel in engine 1 litre fuel : 0.4 [kg]
weight 13 litre gravity patrol tank(s) : 1.9 [kg]
weight cowling 3.2 [kg]
weight airscrew(s) (wood) incl. boss & bolts : 19.0 [kg]
total weight propulsion system : 172 [kg](26.5 [%])
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fuselage skeleton (wood gauge : 5.23 [cm]): 41 [kg]
bracing : 1.7 [kg]
fuselage covering ( 6.5 [m2] doped linen fabric) : 2.1 [kg]
weight controls + indicators: 5.2 [kg]
weight seats : 3.0 [kg]
weight other details, lighting set, etc. : 5.1 [kg]
weight 71 [litre] main fuel tank empty : 5.7 [kg]
weight engine mounts & firewalls : 4 [kg]
total weight fuselage : 68 [kg](10.4 [%])
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weight wing covering (doped linen fabric) : 12 [kg]
total weight ribs (51 ribs) : 39 [kg]
load on front upper spar (clmax) per running metre : 639.0 [N]
load on rear upper spar (vmax) per running metre : 222.6 [N]
total weight 8 spars : 28 [kg]
weight wings : 78 [kg]
weight wing/square meter : 4.28 [kg]
weight 4 interplane struts & cabane : 5.1 [kg]
weight cables (42 [m]) : 1.8 [kg] (= 43 [gram] per metre)
diameter cable : 2.7 [mm]
weight fin & rudder (0.9 [m2]) : 3.9 [kg]
weight stabilizer & elevator (2.0 [m2]): 8.9 [kg]
total weight wing surfaces & bracing : 98 [kg] (15.0 [%])
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weight machine-gun(s) : 15.9 [kg]
weight ammunition magazine(s) :1.8 [kg]
weight Alkan-Hamy synchronization gear : 1.0 [kg]
weight armament : 19 [kg]
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wheel pressure : 326.0 [kg]
weight 2 wheels (650 [mm] by 76 [mm]) : 14.7 [kg]
weight tailskid : 1.6 [kg]
weight undercarriage with axle 13.7 [kg]
total weight landing gear : 30.0 [kg] (4.6 [%]
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calculated empty weight : 387 [kg](59.3 [%])
weight oil for 3.0 hours flying : 14.6 [kg]
weight ammunition (400 rounds) : 11.0 [kg]
weight signal pistol with cartridges : 3.6 [kg]
weight automatic pistol with spare magazines : 1.2 [kg]
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calculated operational weight empty : 417 [kg] (63.9 [%])
published operational weight empty : 407 [kg] (62.4 [%])
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weight crew : 81 [kg]
weight fuel for 1.5 hours flying : 32 [kg]
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operational weight : 530 [kg](81.3 [%])
estimated bomb load : 25 [kg]
operational weight bombing mission : 555 [kg]
fuel reserve : 29 [kg] enough for 1.34 [hours] flying
possible additional useful load : 68 [kg]
operational weight fully loaded : 652 [kg] with fuel tank filled for 100 [%]
published maximum take-off weight : 652 [kg] (100.0 [%])
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calculation : * 4 * (engine power)
power loading (operational without bombload) : 6.56 [kg/kW]
total power : 80.9 [kW] at 1100 [r.p.m]
calculation : *5* (loads)
manoeuvre load : 3.7 [g] at 1000 [m]
limit load : 4.5 [g] ultimate load : 6.8 [g] load factor : 2.2 [g]
design flight time : 2.00 [hours]
design cycles : 275 sorties, design hours : 550 [hours]
operational wing loading : 286 [N/m^2]
wing stress (3 g) during operation : 200 [N/kg] at 3g emergency manoeuvre
calculation : *6* (angles of attack)
angle of attack zero lift : -1.16 ["]
max. angle of attack (stalling angle) : 12.12 ["]
angle of attack at max. speed : 0.93 ["]
calculation : *7* (lift & drag ratios
lift coefficient at angle of attack 0° :0.10 [ ]
lift coefficient at max. angle of attack : 1.15 [ ]
lift coefficient at max. speed : 0.18 [ ]
induced drag coefficient at max. speed : 0.0022 [ ]
drag coefficient at max. speed : 0.0344 [ ]
drag coefficient (zero lift) : 0.0322 [ ]
calculation : *8* (speeds
stalling speed at sea-level (OW): 73 [km/u]
landing speed at sea-level (OW without bombload): 87 [km/hr]
min. drag speed (max endurance) : 110 [km/hr] at 3200 [m](power :34 [%])
min. power speed (max range) : 119 [km/hr] at 3200 [m] (power:36 [%])
max. rate of climb speed : 109.1 [km/hr] at sea-level
cruising speed : 166 [km/hr] op 3200 [m] (power:59 [%])
design speed prop : 178 [km/hr]
maximum speed : 184 [km/hr] op 100 [m] (power:99 [%])
climbing speed at sea-level (without bombload) : 325 [m/min]
calculation : *9* (regarding various performances)
take-off distance at sea-level : 252 [m]
lift/drag ratio : 10.66 [ ]
max. practical ceiling : 5875 [m] with flying weight :493 [kg]
practical ceiling (operational weight): 5525 [m] with flying weight :530 [kg]
practical ceiling fully loaded (mtow- 1 hour fuel) : 4575 [m] with flying weight :630 [kg]
published ceiling (6400 [m]
climb to 1500m (without bombload) : 5.11 [min]
climb to 3000m (without bombload) : 12.36 [min]
max. dive speed : 418.3 [km/hr] at 3575 [m] height
load factor at max. angle turn 2.39 ["g"]
turn radius at 500m: 48 [m]
time needed for 360* turn 9.4 [seconds] at 500m
calculation *10* (action radius & endurance)
operational endurance : 2.84 [hours] with 1 crew and 93 [kg] useful (bomb)load and 100.0 [%] fuel
published endurance : 2.50 [hours] with 1 crew and possible useful (bomb) load : 100 [kg] and 88.1 [%] fuel
action radius : 513 [km] with 1 crew and 20[kg] photo camera/radio transmitter or bombload
max range theoretically with additional fuel tanks for total 232 [litre] fuel : 1301 [km]
useful load with action-radius 250km : 105 [kg]
production : 17.31 [tonkm/hour]
oil and fuel consumption per tonkm : 1.53 [kg]
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Literature :
Praktisch handboek vliegtuigen deel 1 page 153
Fighters 1914-19 page 66
Jane´s fighting aircraft WWI page 114
DISCLAIMER Above calculations are based on published data, they must be
regarded as indication not as facts.
Calculated performance and weight may not correspond with actual weights
and performances and are assumptions for which no responsibility can be taken.
Calculations are as accurate as possible, they can be fine-tuned when more data
is available, you are welcome to give suggestions and additional information
so we can improve our program. For copyright on drawings/photographs/
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(c) B van der Zalm 29 Oktober 2019 contact : info.aircraftinvestigation@gmail.com python 3.7.4